Cách sử dụng
The word 'upstream' is used to refer to the direction opposite to the flow of a river or stream. For example, if you are standing on the bank of a river and you want to go upstream, you would be heading towards the source of the river, where it starts. In a broader sense, 'upstream' can also be used to describe activities or processes that happen earlier in a sequence. For example, in a manufacturing process, upstream activities might include the sourcing of raw materials or the design of a product, while downstream activities might include packaging and distribution. So, if someone says that they are working on an upstream project, they mean that they are involved in tasks that happen earlier in the process, whereas if they are working on a downstream project, they are involved in tasks that happen later in the process.